How to recycle lithium-ion batteries?
Lithium-ion batteries are usually composed of battery cover, battery case, positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, separator and other components. The positive electrode is usually 88% lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) active material, 8% acetylene black conductive agent and 4% PVDF binder; the negative electrode material is generally graphitized carbon and conductive agent are coated on copper foil through adhesive , the structure is similar to that of the positive electrode.
Waste lithium-ion battery
The research on the recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries mainly focuses on the recycling method of the positive electrode active material in the battery. Generally speaking, according to the main key technologies used, the recycling process of waste lithium-ion batteries can be divided into three categories: physical method, chemical method and biological method.
Physical method is also called dry recovery, mainly including mechanical separation method and high temperature pyrolysis method. The dry recovery process is short and the recovery is not targeted. It is the primary stage of metal separation and recovery. It mainly refers to the method of directly realizing the recovery of materials or valuable metals in the absence of a medium such as a solution, mainly through physical sorting and high-temperature pyrolysis, crushing and coarse screening of batteries, or removing organic matter through high-temperature decomposition. , for further element recovery.
The final products of Lithium Ion Battery Recycling
The organic solvent method is based on the principle of "similar compatibility", using a strong polar organic solvent to dissolve the binder PVDF on the electrode, so that the lithium cobalt oxide falls off the current collector aluminum foil, thereby simplifying the recovery process and improving the recovery effect.
In the process of recycling lithium-ion batteries, we should seek more environmentally friendly and efficient separation, recovery and enrichment technologies, make full use of every available resource of waste lithium-ion batteries, and pay attention to the toxic electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries. Hazardous substances, as well as the pollution disposal of waste generated in the recycling process.
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