Scrap Motor Crushing and Recycling Machine
The scrap motor recycling production line utilises equipment such as crushers, magnetic separators, eddy current separators, hammer mills and moisture separators to progressively dismantle and separate materials such as iron, copper and plastic from the motors. This reduces the need for manual dismantling whilst improving the purity of the recovered metals and the efficiency of the processing.
Shredding and Iron Separation of End-of-Life Electric Motors
Upon entering the motor shredder, end-of-life electric motors are subjected to shearing, tearing and compression by the blades, causing the stator, rotor and internal windings to disintegrate completely. The shredded mixture then enters the magnetic separator, which utilises differences in ferromagnetic properties to separate iron components from the material, yielding a relatively concentrated scrap iron product.
For production lines with high throughput, the shredder, conveyor and magnetic separation equipment can be connected to operate continuously, ensuring the material flows in a fixed direction to the next process stage. Compared to manual dismantling, the advantage of mechanical shredding lies in its ability to process scrap motors of varying specifications simultaneously, whilst minimising manual intervention.
Eddy Current Separation, Hammer Mill Shredding and Hydraulic Separation
Following iron separation, the remaining material primarily consists of copper wire, aluminium, plastic and other non-ferrous materials. At this stage, an eddy current separator can be deployed to exploit the differing responses of non-ferrous metals and non-metals in an alternating magnetic field, thereby further separating non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminium from lightweight materials like plastic.
Subsequently, to obtain a purer copper product, a hammer mill may be added. Following a second round of impact crushing, the plastic and other impurities adhering to the surface of the copper wire are further separated, paving the way for subsequent sorting.
The material then enters the water separation equipment. The water medium enables classification based on the density and settling characteristics of different materials, further separating the higher-density copper wire from lighter impurities such as plastic. This stage is particularly suitable for recycling processes requiring enhanced purity of the copper product.
Copper Material Drying and the Full Recycling Process
After water separation, the copper product must be processed using copper dewatering or drying equipment to reduce the moisture content in the material, facilitating subsequent storage, transport, and sale. For production lines utilising wet sorting, drying is not a secondary step but a crucial stage that affects the condition of the final product.
Scrap Motor Crushing and Recycling Machine
A typical set of scrap motor recycling equipment can be configured according to the following process:
Scrap motors → Motor shredder → Magnetic separator → Eddy current separator → Hammer mill → Moisture separation → Copper dryer
The actual number of units and processing capacity should be designed according to the size of the scrap motors, their copper and iron content, impurity levels, and the required purity of the target product. For motors from different sources, a well-designed combination of equipment is often more important than simply increasing the power of the crusher, as the recovery value ultimately depends on ‘whether effective separation can be achieved after crushing’, rather than merely ‘whether crushing is possible’.
Through multi-stage crushing and sorting, scrap motors can be converted into iron, copper and other usable materials, providing a more stable supply of raw materials for subsequent metal sales or further processing.
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